Can a 12V 75Ah battery run a 1000 watts inverter?

Yes, a 12V 75Ah battery can run a 1000-watt inverter, but the runtime will depend on the load connected to the inverter and the battery's state of charge.

To estimate how long the battery will last, you can first calculate the maximum power (in watts) the battery can supply. To do this, multiply the battery voltage (12V) by its capacity (75Ah):

12V x 75Ah = 900 watt-hours (Wh)

Next, divide the battery's watt-hours by the power consumption of the inverter. If the inverter is running at full capacity (1000 watts), the battery would theoretically last:

900 Wh / 1000 W = 0.9 hours (or 54 minutes)

However, this is a simplified calculation and does not take into account factors such as battery efficiency, inverter efficiency, and the fact that the battery's capacity decreases as the discharge rate increases (known as Peukert's Law).

In practice, the actual runtime will likely be less than the calculated time.

Additionally, it's important not to discharge the battery too deeply, as this can shorten its lifespan. Most deep-cycle batteries should not be discharged below 50% of their capacity.

So, for optimal battery life, you should plan for shorter runtimes.

To provide more depth, let's consider some additional factors that can impact the performance of a 12V 75Ah battery running a 1000-watt inverter.

Battery efficiency

The battery's efficiency refers to its ability to store and deliver energy. No battery is 100% efficient, so some energy is lost as heat during charging and discharging.

Lead-acid batteries, which are common for 12V applications, typically have an efficiency of around 85%. This means that only about 85% of the energy stored in the battery will be available for use.

Inverter efficiency

Inverters convert the DC power from the battery to AC power for your devices. During this conversion, some energy is lost, typically as heat.

The efficiency of an inverter varies depending on its design and quality. A good quality inverter might have an efficiency of 90% or higher, while a less efficient model could be around 80%.

Peukert's Law

This law describes the relationship between a battery's capacity and its discharge rate. In general, a battery's capacity decreases as the discharge rate increases.

For example, a 75Ah battery might only provide 60Ah of capacity when discharged at a high rate.

Depth of discharge (DoD)

To prolong the lifespan of your battery, it's important to avoid discharging it too deeply. Most deep-cycle batteries should not be discharged below 50% of their capacity. Continuously discharging a battery to a low state of charge can significantly reduce its lifespan.

Load on the inverter

The runtime of the battery will also depend on the actual load connected to the inverter. A 1000-watt inverter can handle loads up to 1000 watts, but if you're only using 500 watts, your battery will last longer.

Considering these factors, let's revise our earlier calculation:

Battery capacity (accounting for Peukert's Law): 60Ah (estimated)

Battery watt-hours: 12V x 60Ah = 720Wh

Adjusted battery watt-hours (accounting for battery efficiency): 720Wh x 0.85 = 612Wh

Power consumption (accounting for inverter efficiency): 1000W / 0.9 (inverter efficiency) = 1111W

Now, let's estimate the runtime for a 50% depth of discharge:

Usable battery capacity: 612Wh / 2 = 306Wh
Runtime: 306Wh / 1111W = 0.275 hours (or about 16.5 minutes)

Keep in mind that these calculations are still approximate and can vary based on the specific battery, inverter, and load characteristics. Additionally, environmental factors like temperature can also affect battery performance and runtime.